Original Research

Wide circulation of peste des petits ruminants virus in sheep and goats across Nigeria

Samuel E. Mantip, Anthony Sigismeau, Maurice Nanven, Atuman Joel, Abayomi M. Qasim, Sada Aliyu, Ibrahim Musa, Ogechukwu Ezeanyika, Ibikunle Faramade, Garba Ahmed, Timothy Y. Woma, David Shamaki, Genevieve Libeau, Souaibou Farougou, Arnaud Bataille
Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 88, No 1 | a1899 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v88i1.1899 | © 2021 Samuel E. Mantip, Anthony Sigismeau, Maurice Nanven, Atuman Joel, Abayomi M. Qasim, Sada Aliyu, Ibrahim Musa, Ogechukwu Ezeanyika, Ibikunle Faramade, Garba Ahmed, Timothy Y. Woma, David Shamaki, Genevieve Libeau, Souaibou Farougou, Arnaud Bataille | This work is licensed under CC Attribution 4.0
Submitted: 05 August 2020 | Published: 07 September 2021

About the author(s)

Samuel E. Mantip, Communicable Disease Research Unit, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, Contonou, Benin; and, Virology Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
Anthony Sigismeau, CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, Montpellier, France; and, ASTRE, University Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier, France
Maurice Nanven, Virology Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
Atuman Joel, Virology Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
Abayomi M. Qasim, Virology Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
Sada Aliyu, Virology Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
Ibrahim Musa, Virology Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
Ogechukwu Ezeanyika, Virology Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
Ibikunle Faramade, Virology Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
Garba Ahmed, Virology Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
Timothy Y. Woma, Virology Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
David Shamaki, Virology Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
Genevieve Libeau, CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, Montpellier, France; and, ASTRE, University Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier, France
Souaibou Farougou, Communicable Disease Research Unit, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, Contonou, Benin
Arnaud Bataille, CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, Montpellier, France; and, ASTRE, University Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier, France

Abstract

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious viral disease that mainly affects goats and sheep in Asia, Africa and the Middle East, and threatens Europe [R.E.1]. The disease is endemic on the African continent, particularly in West Africa, and is a major factor driving food insecurity in low-income populations. The aim of this research study was to carry out surveillance, genetic characterisation and isolation of recently circulating PPR viruses (PPRV) in sheep and goats from the six agro-ecological zones of Nigeria. A total of 268 post-mortem tissue samples of lung and mesenteric ganglia were collected from clinically suspected sheep and goats in 18 different states, of which five never previously sampled. The presence of PPRV was confirmed using a reverse-transcription coupled with a polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. A total of 72 samples, 17 sheep (6%) and 55 goats (21%), were found to be PPR positive. Positive samples were distributed in almost all states, except Kano, where PPR was detected in previous studies. The PPRV-positive samples were further confirmed by sequencing or virus isolation in areas where the infection had never previously been detected. These results confirm the active circulation of PPRV across all six agro-ecological zones of Nigeria, and consequently, the need for introducing strict measures for the control and prevention of the disease in the country.

Keywords

Peste des petits ruminants; Nigeria; transboundary animal disease; virus isolation; RT-PCR; morbillivirus; sequencing

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