Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research

1. Field investigation and phylogenetic characterization of orf virus (ORFV) circulating in small ruminants and Pseudocowpoxvirus (PCPV) in dromedary camels of eastern Sudan
Abdelmalik Ibrahim Khalafalla, Ahmed Eisa Elhag, Hassan Zackaria Ali Ishag
Heliyon  vol: 6  issue: 3  first page: e03595  year: 2020  
doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03595

2. An evaluation of the ecological niche of Orf virus (Poxviridae): Challenges of distinguishing broad niches from no niches
Rahul Raveendran Nair, Yoshinori Nakazawa, A. Townsend Peterson, Paulo Brandao
PLOS ONE  vol: 19  issue: 1  first page: e0293312  year: 2024  
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293312

3. Prevalence, risk factors and vaccination efficacy of contagious ovine ecthyma (orf) in England
J. Onyango, F. Mata, W. McCormick, S. Chapman
Veterinary Record  vol: 175  issue: 13  first page: 326  year: 2014  
doi: 10.1136/vr.102353

4. An association of Orf virus infection among sheep and goats with herd health programme in Terengganu state, eastern region of the peninsular Malaysia
Jamilu Abubakar Bala, Krishnan Nair Balakrishnan, Ashwaq Ahmed Abdullah, Lawan Adamu, Muhammad Syaafii bin Noorzahari, Lau Kah May, Hassana Kyari Mangga, Mohd Termizi Ghazali, Ramlan Bin Mohamed, Abd Wahid Haron, Mustapha Mohamed Noordin, Mohd Azmi Mohd Lila
BMC Veterinary Research  vol: 15  issue: 1  year: 2019  
doi: 10.1186/s12917-019-1999-1

5. Impacts of Food Adulteration and Contamination: Health, Socio-Economic, and Legislative Aspects
Mysha Momtaz, Saniya Yesmin Bubli, Mohidus Samad Khan
Foods  vol: 15  issue: 17  first page: 3041  year: 2026  
doi: 10.3390/foods15173041

6. Systematic Review of Important Viral Diseases in Africa in Light of the ‘One Health’ Concept
Ravendra P. Chauhan, Zelalem G. Dessie, Ayman Noreddin, Mohamed E. El Zowalaty
Pathogens  vol: 9  issue: 4  first page: 301  year: 2020  
doi: 10.3390/pathogens9040301

7. Factors affecting the use of biosecurity measures for the protection of ruminant livestock and farm workers against infectious diseases in central South Africa
Veerle Msimang, Melinda K. Rostal, Claudia Cordel, Catherine Machalaba, Stefano Tempia, Whitney Bagge, Felicity J. Burt, William B. Karesh, Janusz T. Paweska, Peter N. Thompson
Transboundary and Emerging Diseases  vol: 69  issue: 5  year: 2022  
doi: 10.1111/tbed.14525

8. Isolation and phylogenetic analysis of an orf virus from sheep in Makhdoom, India
Naveen Kumar, Ashutosh Wadhwa, Kundan K. Chaubey, Shoor V. Singh, Sorabh Gupta, Shalini Sharma, Dinesh K. Sharma, Manoj K. Singh, A. K. Mishra
Virus Genes  vol: 48  issue: 2  first page: 312  year: 2014  
doi: 10.1007/s11262-013-1025-9

9. Laboratory Diagnosis of a NZ7-like Orf Virus Infection and Pathogen Genetic Characterization, Particularly in the VEGF Gene
Yongzhong Yu, Xuyang Duan, Yuanyuan Liu, Jinzhu Ma, Baifen Song, Zhengxing Lian, Yudong Cui
Frontiers in Veterinary Science  vol: 7  year: 2020  
doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00538

10. First identification of orf virus from an outbreak of contagious ecthyma in Polish sheep
Magdalena Larska, Agnieszka Nowakowska, Urszula Pękala-Duda
Journal of Veterinary Research  vol: 70  issue: 2  first page: 177  year: 2026  
doi: 10.2478/jvetres-2026-0035

11. Molecular characterization of Orf virus in goats in Gabon, Central Africa
Gael D. Maganga, Anthony Relmy, Labib Bakkali-Kassimi, Barthélémy Ngoubangoye, Thierry Tsoumbou, Christiane Bouchier, Nadine N’Dilimabaka, Eric M. Leroy, Stéphan Zientara, Nicolas Berthet
Virology Journal  vol: 13  issue: 1  year: 2016  
doi: 10.1186/s12985-016-0535-1

12. The re-emerging of orf virus infection: A call for surveillance, vaccination and effective control measures
Jamilu Abubakar Bala, Krishnan Nair Balakrishnan, Ashwaq Ahmed Abdullah, Ramlan Mohamed, Abd Wahid Haron, Faez Firdaus Abdullah Jesse, Mustapha M. Noordin, Mohd Lila Mohd-Azmi
Microbial Pathogenesis  vol: 120  first page: 55  year: 2018  
doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.04.057

13. A novel HRM assay for the simultaneous detection and differentiation of eight poxviruses of medical and veterinary importance
Esayas Gelaye, Lukas Mach, Jolanta Kolodziejek, Reingard Grabherr, Angelika Loitsch, Jenna E. Achenbach, Norbert Nowotny, Adama Diallo, Charles Euloge Lamien
Scientific Reports  vol: 7  issue: 1  year: 2017  
doi: 10.1038/srep42892

14. Contagious ecthyma: how serious is the disease worldwide?
Zaharaddeen Lawan, Jamilu Abubakar Bala, Alhaji Modu Bukar, Krishnan Nair Balakrishnan, Hassana Kyari Mangga, Faez Firdaus Jesse Abdullah, Mustapha Mohamed Noordin, Mohd Lila Mohd-Azmi
Animal Health Research Reviews  vol: 22  issue: 1  first page: 40  year: 2021  
doi: 10.1017/S1466252320000018

15. Pathogenicity and phylogenetic analysis of ovine contagious ecthyma virus isolated during a sheeppox outbreak in Morocco
Zohra Bamouh, Ikram Tifrouin, Zouhair Elkarhat, Laila Abid, Siham Fellahi, Mehdi Elharrak
Microbial Pathogenesis  vol: 197  first page: 107023  year: 2024  
doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.107023

16. Do UK sheep farmers use orf vaccine correctly and could their vaccination strategy affect vaccine efficacy?
Stephanie Small, Liz Cresswell, Fiona Lovatt, Erica Gummery, Josh Onyango, Charles McQuilkin, Wendela Wapenaar
Veterinary Record  vol: 185  issue: 10  first page: 305  year: 2019  
doi: 10.1136/vr.105472

17. Genetic characterization of orf virus associated with an outbreak of severe orf in goats at a farm in Lusaka, Zambia (2015)
Edgar Simulundu, Nandi Mtine, Thoko F. Kapalamula, Masahiro Kajihara, Yongjin Qiu, James Ngoma, Victor Zulu, Geoffrey Kwenda, Chrispin Chisanga, Isaac K. Phiri, Ayato Takada, Aaron S. Mweene
Archives of Virology  vol: 162  issue: 8  first page: 2363  year: 2017  
doi: 10.1007/s00705-017-3352-y

18. Detection of contagious ovine ecthyma (orf) and risk factors for infection in small ruminants in Iran
Hossein Esmaeili, Mohammadreza Ghorani, Ehsan Baghal Arani, Amir Pasha Shakeri
Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases  vol: 79  first page: 101714  year: 2021  
doi: 10.1016/j.cimid.2021.101714

19. Zoonotic diseases transmitted from the camels
Abdelmalik Ibrahim Khalafalla
Frontiers in Veterinary Science  vol: 10  year: 2023  
doi: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1244833

20. Isolation and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies Against a Virion Core Protein of Orf Virus Strain NA1/11 As Potential Diagnostic Tool for Orf Viruses
Xiaoping Wang, Jiafeng Zhang, Wenbo Hao, Yongzheng Peng, Hong Li, Wei Li, Ming Li, Shuhong Luo
Monoclonal Antibodies in Immunodiagnosis & Immunotherapy  vol: 34  issue: 4  first page: 233  year: 2015  
doi: 10.1089/mab.2014.0101

21. An Investigation of a Cluster of Parapoxvirus Cases in Missouri, Feb–May 2006: Epidemiologic, Clinical and Molecular Aspects
Edith Lederman, Min Tao, Mary Reynolds, Yu Li, Hui Zhao, Scott Smith, Lisa Sitler, Dana Haberling, Whitni Davidson, Christina Hutson, Ginny Emerson, David Schnurr, Russell Regnery, Bao-Ping Zhu, Howard Pue, Inger Damon
Animals  vol: 3  issue: 1  first page: 142  year: 2013  
doi: 10.3390/ani3010142

22. A Review on Human Orf: A Neglected Viral Zoonosis
Tesfaye Kassa
Research and Reports in Tropical Medicine  vol: Volume 12  first page: 153  year: 2021  
doi: 10.2147/RRTM.S306446

23. Orf insights: Establishing current prevalence, treatment practices and opinions of UK sheep farmers
Beth Reilly, David Charles, James Patrick Crilly
Small Ruminant Research  vol: 259  first page: 107766  year: 2026  
doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2026.107766

24. Diversity and distribution of viral zoonosis in Africa
Ayman Ahmed, Nouh Saad Mohamed, Emmanuel Edwar Siddig
Virology  vol: 610  first page: 110621  year: 2025  
doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2025.110621