Research Communication

Genetic characterisation of African swine fever virus from 2017 outbreaks in Zambia: Identification of p72 genotype II variants in domestic pigs

Edgar Simulundu, Yona Sinkala, Herman M. Chambaro, Andrew Chinyemba, Frank Banda, Lynnfield E. Mooya, Joseph Ndebe, Simbarashe Chitanga, Chitwambi Makungu, Gift Munthali, Paul Fandamu, Ayato Takada, Aaron S. Mweene
Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research | Vol 85, No 1 | a1562 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v85i1.1562 | © 2018 Edgar Simulundu, Yona Sinkala, Herman M. Chambaro, Andrew Chinyemba, Frank Banda, Lynnfield E. Mooya, Joseph Ndebe, Simbarashe Chitanga, Chitwambi Makungu, Gift Munthali, Paul Fandamu, Ayato Takada, Aaron S. Mweene | This work is licensed under CC Attribution 4.0
Submitted: 06 October 2017 | Published: 26 June 2018

About the author(s)

Edgar Simulundu, Department of Disease Control, The University of Zambia, Zambia
Yona Sinkala, Department of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Zambia
Herman M. Chambaro, Department of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Zambia
Andrew Chinyemba, Department of Disease Control, The University of Zambia, Zambia
Frank Banda, Department of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Zambia
Lynnfield E. Mooya, Department of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Zambia
Joseph Ndebe, Department of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Zambia
Simbarashe Chitanga, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Zambia, Zambia
Chitwambi Makungu, Department of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Zambia
Gift Munthali, Department of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Zambia
Paul Fandamu, Department of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Zambia
Ayato Takada, Division of Global Epidemiology, Hokkaido University Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Japan
Aaron S. Mweene, Department of Disease Control, The University of Zambia, Zambia

Abstract

African swine fever (ASF) is a contagious haemorrhagic disease associated with causing heavy economic losses to the swine industry in many African countries. In 2017, Zambia experienced ASF outbreaks in Mbala District (Northern province) and for the first time in Isoka and Chinsali districts (Muchinga province). Meanwhile, another outbreak was observed in Chipata District (Eastern province). Genetic analysis of part of the B646L gene, E183L gene, CP204L gene and the central variable region of the B602L gene of ASF virus (ASFV) associated with the outbreaks in Mbala and Chipata districts was conducted. The results revealed that the ASFV detected in Mbala District was highly similar to that of the Georgia 2007/1 isolate across all the genome regions analysed. In contrast, while showing close relationship with the Georgia 2007/1 virus in the B646L gene, the ASFV detected in Chipata District showed remarkable genetic variation in the rest of the genes analysed. These results suggest that the Georgia 2007/1-like virus could be more diverse than what was previously thought, underscoring the need of continued surveillance and monitoring of ASFVs within the south-eastern African region to better understand their epidemiology and the relationships between outbreaks and their possible origin.

Keywords

African swine fever; domestic pigs; genotyping; molecular epidemiology; Zambia

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